Thousands of Unknown Chemicals Found in E Cigarettes Respiratory Therapy Health Risks of Secondhand Smoke and Aerosols Factsheet US EPA Vaping releases toxic chemicals, including heavy metals, as well as ultrafine particles that go deep into the lungs. These increase the risk of heart and lung disorders. Vaping is often marketed as a safer alternative to smoking, but many vape products contain nicotine, harmful chemicals, and heavy metals that can harm developing brains and lungs.